Confucius Biography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Confucius Biography - Research Paper Example His dad was administrator and passed on three years after the introduction of Confucius. By the by, Confucius got decent training and wedded at 19 years old. He likewise turned into a dad of one child and two little girls. (Confucius Biography) Early Occupations During his childhood he needed to adapt such a significant number of aptitudes since fortunes of his family had declined. Confucius had a place with the blue-blooded family at that point known as the shih. Confucius in his first occupation is said to have functioned as guardian of the Lu silo. Subsequent to filling in as a guardian in the market, he functioned as a ranch laborer dealing with livestock. He additionally gave his administrations to the legislative leader of his area. Through his neighborliness, reasonableness and love for learning he immediately earned a decent notoriety for himself. His mom kicked the bucket in 527 B.C.E and afterward he included himself in his most darling quest for educating. It was the time of zhou (Chou) tradition when virtues won at its nadir. Confucius censured the confusion and condemned the ethical guidelines won inside the general public. (Ann-ping) When he was 35, ruler Duke Zhao of Lu started a war; be that as it may, he moved himself to the neighboring nation of Qi. Duke Zhao kept on taking his recommendation however because of restriction of one of his gathering clergyman he wouldn't give him the land and furthermore quit taking his recommendation. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Teacher He solidly accepted that old statutes of the sages can bring back the individuals to the high good norms. His acclaim and name spread over the majority. Confucius got well known in Lu since he made truisms which were brimming with insight. Individuals learned through his lessons. He additionally helped and prompted the sovereign on viable and productive decision. He likewise came into contact with Lao Tzu; in any case, Lao reprimanded him for his pomposity. His course or exercises used t o be primarily history, music, and verse. He invested his parcel of energy in building up the thoughts with respect to the specialty of government. Steadily, he gained an enormous after. In spite of the fact that a considerable lot of his adherents came back to Lu and kept tolerating the situations with the Chi tribe. It is translated that in light of these supporters he was welcome to Lu. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Effective Administrator When he was 50, the Baron of Qi moved toward him and looked for his assistance against a disobedience yet he wouldn't consent. New Duke of Lu at that point made him a city justice. The city thrived under his administration and he got advanced a few times lastly turned into a Grand Secretary of equity and afterward at 56 years old, became boss clergyman of Lu. He was very fruitful in his organization, presented the changes and administered the equity rapidly. Therefore, wrongdoings were nearly disposed of. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Neighboring nations began str essing that Lu would turn out to be a lot of amazing. They occupied the duke by sending endowments and artists. On duke's inappropriate conduct, Confucius surrendered and left the nation. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) A Great Traveler Confucius visited close by states and voyaged a ton with the expectation that some other ruler would take his notice and attempt proportions of change; in any case, every one of his endeavors went futile. Confucius meandered China with his supporters for a long time and understood that his quality isn't all around endured. When he was captured and placed into prison for five days. He was additionally sought after into the field by a gathering of troopers organized by desirous aristocrats; be that as it may, he was safeguarded by the lord of a neighboring nation. A Political Leader His incredible accentuation is supposed to be on political

Myostatin Boy free essay sample

Numerous researchers accept the find could in the end lead to drugs for treating eople with solid dystrophy and other muscle-annihilating conditions. What's more, competitors would without a doubt need to get their hands on such a medication and use it like steroids to build up. The young men freak DNA section was found to square creation of a protein called myostatin that cutoff points muscle development. The news comes seven years after scientists at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore made buff powerful mice by killing the quality that guides cells to create myostatin. Presently we can say that myostatin demonstrations indistinguishable path in people from in creatures, said the young men doctor, Dr. Markus Schuelke, an educator in the youngster nervous system science division at Charite/University Medical Center Berlin. We can apply that information to people, including preliminary treatments for solid dystrophy. Given the tremendous potential market for such medications, analy sts at colleges and pharmaceutical organizations as of now are attempting to figure out how to confine the sum and movement of myostatin in the body. We will compose a custom exposition test on Myostatin Boy or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Wyeth has Just started human trial of a hereditarily built immune response intended to kill myostatin. Dr. Lou Kunkel, executive of the genomics program at Boston Childrens Hospital and educator of pediatrics and hereditary qualities at Harvard Medical School, said achievement is conceivable inside quite a while. Simply diminishing this protein by 20, 30, 50 percent can profoundly affect muscle mass, said Kunkel, who is among the specialists taking part in the Wyeth inquire about. Slow squandering process Muscular dystrophy is the universes most basic hereditary infection. There is no fix and the most well-known structure, Duchennes, as a rule murders before adulthood. The couple of medicines being attempted to slow its movement have genuine reactions. Muscle asting additionally is basic in the older and patients with illnesses, for example, malignant growth and AIDS. In the event that you could figure out how to square myostatin movement, you may slow the squandering procedure, said Dr. Se-Jin Lee, the Johns Hopkins teacher whose group made the forceful mice. Lee said he accepts a myostatin blocker likewise could smother fat collection and in this manner impede the advancement of diabetes. Lee and Johns Hopkins would get eminences for any myostatin-blocking drug made by Wyeth. Dr. Eric Hoffman, chief of Childrens National Medical Centers Research Center for Genetic Medicine, said he accepts a solid dystrophy fix will be found, yet he is uncertain whether it will be a myostatin-blocking drug, another treatment or a mix, in light of the fact that around twelve qualities have some impact on muscles. He said a mystotatin-blocking medication could help different gatherings of individuals, including space explorers and other people who lose bulk during long spells in zero gravity or when immobilized by sickness or a messed up appendage. Inevitable medical issues? Scientists would not uncover the German young men personality however said he was destined to a nd three other close male family members all were abnormally solid, with one of them a development laborer ready to empty overwhelming curbstones by hand. In the mother, one duplicate of the quality is changed and the other is ordinary; the kid has two transformed duplicates. One unquestionably originated from his dad, yet no data about him has been uncovered. The change is exceptionally uncommon in individuals. The kid is solid currently, yet specialists stress he could in the long run endure heart or other medical issues. In the previous not many years, researchers have seen extraordinary potential in myostatin-blocking systems. Web advertisers have been selling myostatin-blocking enhancements to weight lifters, however specialists state the items are futile and maybe risky. A few analysts are attempting to kill the myostatin quality in chickens to deliver more meat per winged creature. What's more, a few types of steers have characteristic varieties in the quality that, supported by particular rearing, give them unquestionably more muscle and less fat than other cow. He could do the iron cross when he was 5 months old, said his supportive mother, Dana Hoekstra of Roosevelt Park. She was alluding to a troublesome vaulting move in hich a male competitor suspends himself by his arms between two hanging rings, framing the state of a cross. Liam has the sort of physical characteristics that weight lifters and different competitors long for: 40 percent more bulk than typical, Jaw-dropping quality, stunning briskness, a rapid digestion and basically no muscle to fat ratio. Liam can run like the breeze, has the readiness of a feline, lifts household items that most kids his age couldnt push over a smooth floor and eats like there is no tomorrow without putting on weight. Liam Hoekstra was hanging topsy turvy by his feet when he played out a transformed sit-up, his shirt falling ceaselessly to uncover undulated abs. It was a showcase of crude force one may hope to see from an Olympic tumbler. Liam is 19 months old. The alleged myostatin bar has created colossal enthusiasm for the lifting weights network. Some nourishing enhancements guarantee to square myostatin, yet analysts have said the cases are not experimentally legitimate. In the event that the myostatin protein is taken out, muscles develop and revive substantially more uickly,

Dont Flinch

Dont Flinch There were only a handful of people who inspired me to make radical changes in my life over the last few years: Julien Smith was one of those people. I started reading Juliens blog a few months before Ryan and I started The Minimalists in 2010. His essays were the kick in the ass I needed to help me step outside my comfort zone and do something different with my life. No one has ever accused Julien of being passive. He is, in fact, one of the few people who can gracefully shake the hell out of someone and have that person thank him afterward. In that same vein, Julien, who is also the  New York Times bestselling author ofTrust Agents, just published his first solo book, The Flinch, with Seth Godins Domino Project. Much like his online musings, The Flinch an in-your-face, shake-the-hell-out-of-you book. This week I had a conversation with Julien Smith, and he was kind enough to answer some questions for our readers. JFM: Where did the original idea for The Flinch come from? Julien: I fiddled with the concepts in The Flinch for a long time without having a name for it until the first riff in the book took shape. When that first part was written, about the boxing club incidentallyâ€"its also the gym I go toâ€"everything fell into place. I started talking to people about the idea, like Mitch Joel, who got me in touch with the self-defense people like Tony Blauer. Then they got me in contact with security professionals from Gavin de Becker company. It all continued from there, but the connection to boxing was the critical moment. Thats interesting because its not a book about boxing or self-defense at all, at least not in the traditional sense. It seems to me that The Flinch is essentially a book-length essay about being aware of your internal fears, but the content is communicated in a refreshing, appreciably different way from other material on the subject. Every page is filled with powerful, memorable lines. Entire chunks of this book will be quoted and retweeted by many. Did you intent to write this book in such a precise, succinct way when you started? Its my method of speaking and writing that just comes through very clearly, I think. But Seth Godins influence is visible for sure. Without him this book wouldnt have been anywhere near as good. He pushed me to make everything tweetable, memorable. He said, make it like a poem that doesnt rhyme.  I think I was able to do that. A line that particularly stood out for me was Would your childhood self be proud of you, or embarrassed? This line reminds me of a question I asked myself about a year ago: Is this what youve been waiting for your entire life? Even though I had the big-boy corporate job, the 401k, the ostensible success, and all the trappings of the American Dream, I knew I wasnt happy. Why do you think people continue do things that make them so unhappy? The people you are talking about would defend the lives they have, the ones you claim make them unhappy. The reality is that there are millions of reasons why, but putting your finger on how to get through to them can be impossible. In this book I try to nail itâ€"I try to get you to recognize the feeling in your chest when it happens so that you can know when its happening. One of the books most powerful lines is The strength you gain by letting go is more important than any object you own. For me, this is the essence of minimalism. What about minimalism and its principles seem most attractive to you? Its interesting that you were attracted to that line. Well see very clearly from the Amazon aspect which lines connect well with people. You may be right that it turns out to be strong. I have a difficult relationship with minimalism because of the ability to own an unlimited amount of digital things.  That doesnt seem like minimalism to me at all, which is instead about an intentional poverty to arouse a depth of the spirit that normally lies dormant. To me, like you say, its about recognizing that living without means you just find other things inside you. But you cant do that and claim to be minimalist while checking Twitter on your Macbook Pro or can you? Yes, I believe you can. I think minimalism is about stripping away lifes excess in favor of whats important, which is different for every person. Its about living consciously. Getting rid of superfluous stuff clears the runway and allows a person to consciously live a meaningful life, which, as you point out in your book, isnt always easy. I also believe that, in the same spirit as your new book, minimalism allows people to question the meaning we give to our possessions and other things that shouldnt be as important as we make them. But, unfortunately, in todays world, we often give more meaning to our material possessions  than our health or our relationships or pursuing our passions. Is this, in a way, a form of the flinch ? This is why I ask people to give the book away and do other uncomfortable things. Its about coming up against the walls of your programming and do things that make them uncomfortable. It makes them see first-hand who is in the drivers seat. Would you rather ride on a train, dance in the rain, or feel no pain? Why? I think I would rather ride on a train. I dont know why. Ive always liked trains and the idea of going somewhere. Why should people get a copy of this book? Get one because, at the very least, you will be part of an experiment in how a non-commercially oriented, anti-authoritarian, unsellable book can fly when you bring 21st century pricing into it. Or, get one because its the best thing Ive ever done. The Flinch is available on Amazon.

Racism versus Civil Rights Movement Essay examples

Struggle is a never ending process. Freedom is never really won. You earn it and win it in every generation. -Coretta Scott King, page666 The 1960s were a time of great turmoil in America and throughout the world. One of the main topics that arouse was black civil rights. In my essay I plan to compare the difference of opinion between these particular writers and directors, towards racism and the civil rights movement in the 1960s The movement truly got underway with civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King jr. and Malcolm X in the early 1960s. Students who wanted to bolt on the equality and protest bandwagon quickly followed. Most of the students went to the Southern states (Mississippi, Alabama,†¦show more content†¦The writer of Malcolm X, Bernard Aquina Doctor, has informatively shown (with some bias) the life of Malcolm X. He wanted to show that Malcolm pulled himself out of the gutter to become one of the most famous and respected civil rights leaders in our history so far. He tells us this by showing his life when he hung around with criminals and was into committing small thefts, etc. In this text he was shown as having all the right ideas of how to deal with the problems that were facing minorities at the time, Malcolm believed in violent protest, and Martin L-K jr., another major leader for the civil rights movement believed that protesting should be non-violent. Dr.King though, was forced to reconsider his views when he was thrown into jail and was badly beaten. This text is similar to the Rosa Parks text in the way the writer (for a Rosa Parks book) looked upon Rosa Parks, as Malcolm X, in a revered way. Rosa Parks a Woman Who Changed a Nation, by Kira Albini, is focused on the great injustice that the black community has been faced with. She talks about the fact that blacks had to pay at the front of the bus and then walk around the outside of the bus to the back door where, more often then not, the bus driver would pull away without them being on, although they paid. Rosa Parks came into fameShow MoreRelatedRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird1570 Words   |  7 Pageshistory, racism has enslaved and segregated many races in other countries, but in the United States, the African-Americans have especially been victims of racism and segregation based upon their color. In recent history, the struggle to achieve equality and eradicate racism in the United States has been an ongoing battle since the late 1800’s. In Harper Lee s classic novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Lee uses her own experience and draws from events during her childhood to bri ng to expose racism againstRead MoreBrown vs. Board of Education: Case Study1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe assumptions made in Plessy versus Ferguson were based on the false premise that it was possible to sustain equality in a racist environment. The African-American schools were not equal. The steps leading to the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case began with a class action lawsuit filed in Tokepa, Kansas courts. As Patterson (2001) points out, thirteen parents sued on behalf of twenty children, on the basis that the children were being denied rights to equal education. The NationalRead MoreThe Segregation Of The Black School1299 Words   |  6 Pagesin the 1890’s, but racism and discrimination were other controversies that African Americans also faced. Segregation in the nineteenth century was seen in many places ranging anywhere from public facilities to public transportation. This type of segregation was referred to as The Jim Crow Laws. The Jim Crow Laws were a set of enforced rules that segregation Segregation also included what schools African American were and were not allowed to attend. Life before the Brown versus Board of EducationRead MoreEssay The Costs of Racism1146 Words   |  5 PagesThe Costs of Racism The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines racism as â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.† Racism is one of the deepest stains on the pages of American history. What began as feelings among whites of being superior to blacks turned into possibly the worst phenomenon the United States ever dealt with. Even 100 years after Abraham Lincoln signedRead MoreMartin Luther King Day And Black History916 Words   |  4 Pageshave made huge strides although coming from a past of inequality. I wasn’t particularly interested in seeing Selma because I knew what it represented. I feared to cry and get emotional over the hardships of post-slavery and the battles of the Civil Rights Movement. I knew it was going to be gruesome to watch because of its vivid depiction of how our nation used to be and a touch of reality of how it continues to becom e. The movie Selma had a different vision of who Martin Luther King was. He was notRead MoreThe African American Civil Right Movement1040 Words   |  5 PagesThe African American Civil right movement in the late 1950’s and throughout the 1960’s was a powerful fight for equal opportunities to the basic rights and privileges outlined by the US government. During this movement thousands of African American individuals and those who believed in the power of the movement, battled against the piercing white supremacy through various tactics including grass root movements. The grass root movements in the 60’s was characterized by organizations of individualsRead MoreIs Martin Luther King s Wish Come True?1328 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1900’s civil rights movement came many famous protesters and speakers, such as Rosa Parks and Malcolm X. Perhaps the most famous civil rights worker was Martin Luther King Jr., who delivered his famous â€Å"I have a dream† s peech in 1963. In his speech, Martin Luther King Jr. mentions a personal dream of his in which â€Å"little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers† (King 1). Eventually, the civil rights movement did resultRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act Did Not Happen Over Night1655 Words   |  7 Pages The Civil Rights Act did not happen over night; however, many fought for it and soon prevailed. During John F Kennedy’s presidency the Civil Rights Act was begun. The bill was called for by President John F. Kennedy address of the nation on June 11, 1963. The President gave a speech asking for a law â€Å"giving all Americans the right to be served in all places which are open to the public—Motels, restaurants, movies, clothing stores, as well as the right to vote†. President Kennedy madeRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pagesshoved into close ts waiting in hiding. It is an issue that has risen in prominence accompanied by angry marginalized people who continue to seek justice and solace. It is not the same movement that happened during the 1950s and 1960s with nonviolent protests and sit-ins at restaurant counters. It is instead a movement created upon a social media platform that has taken the stage to become a household name. It is on the forefront of race related issues amongst other things. While some regard it as terroristRead MoreRace: A Prevailing Factor in American Politics1180 Words   |  5 PagesIt has been expanding in light of the civil rights era which was primarily an issue of black and white relations to the discussion of the rise of Hispanics in number and political power. Race is not something exclusive to the United States when it has come to discrimination. More recently that most would not like to be reminded of was that the ending of apartheid in south Africa roughly 20 years ago in 1994, much later than the end of the civil rights movement in 1968 here in the united states under

The Status Of Women During The Colonial Era - 898 Words

For centuries the concept of gender and equality have been issues and talking points. Attitudes toward women have gradually softened and changed for the better as they are viewed as being equal with men. Women throughout history have been referred to as housewives, and factory girls. They weren’t able to gain the respect from men until they took a stance against inequality, also known as women’s suffrage. â€Å"I declare to you that woman must not depend upon the protection of man, but must be taught to protect herself, and there I take my stand†, stated Susan B Anthony. Many factors have contributed to the rise of the status of women throughout the history of the United States. These factors include education, income status, and political contributions. During the Colonial Era men took exception to Anne Hutchinson s role as a religious leader. The sentiment was that she had been a husband rather than a wife and a preacher than a hearer; and a magistrate than a subject. This excerpt describes the clear divide between the perceived roles of men and women in colonial society. Men were expected to lead the church while women listened. After Anne Hutchinson s exile the magistrates no longer required women to openly share their conversion. Many women deemed as being rebellious were accused of witchcraft. Of the 344 people accused of being witches during the Colonial era, 80% were women. I feel that Anne Hutchinson was disruptive to colonial society because men did not wantShow MoreRelatedStatus of Women in Colonial Society1243 Words   |  5 PagesMariama Bessane Professor Perine James American History 1151- Essay #1 Jan 7th,2016 Status of Women in Colonial Society Women were always considered inferior to men since day one. That belief had been existing until the eighteen century. During that period, English Colonists brought to America their ideologies with them. Women did not have the same rights as men did during that time. Women were tied in a leash, kept in the dark, and controlled by society. Life wasn’t easy for them. They wereRead MoreWomen in Colonial America769 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in Colonial America When women first arrived to the new colonies, many did not have the money to pay in order to get off the boat. This forced them into 4-5 years of servitude. Women would then be free to search for a husband. In Colonial America, the social status of citizens was based on financial standings, ethnicity, and religious beliefs. Social class was a determining factor of opportunities available to women. They had considerably greater rights than their counterparts in England,Read MoreOverview of Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Adichie1305 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the centuries, the roles of Nigerian women have continuously evolved. During the pre- colonial era, women in Nigerian tribes were not only child bearers and wives, but also free adults. They played critical roles in food preparation, weaving, pottery, and the economy. However, the impact of British rule in Nigeria made a significant shift from the pre-colonial to the post- colonial era. The influence of the Catholic Church, W estern style education, patriarchal government and modern waysRead MoreThe Evolution of Women in Nigeria1310 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout the centuries, the roles of Nigerian women have continuously evolved. During the pre- colonial era, women in Nigerian tribes were not only child bearers and wives, but also free adults. They played critical roles in food preparation, weaving, pottery, and the economy. However, the impact of British rule in Nigeria made a significant shift from the pre-colonial to the post- colonial era. The influence of the Catholic Church, Western style education, patriarchal government and modern waysRead MoreIn Figure 3.6, â€Å"A Society Of Patriotic Ladies† (1774),1536 Words   |  7 Pages In Figure 3.6, â€Å"A Society of Patriotic Ladies† (1774), we can understand how women were viewed during the revolution. There are many things taking place in picture such as a child not being taken care of, a woman being stared at by a man, an African American servant in the back, and some unappealing women. This imagine is very bold, and blatantly shows that women didn’t have a right in government. The center of the portrait is a female being pursued by a man, which shows that females will alwaysRead MoreThe Idea Of Childbirth Over Time Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pagesto an increase of maternal mortality rates. This time period also served as a transition time between the elimination of the midwife and the emergence of the physician. The transition was due to attitude changes and medical knowledge understanding. During the twentieth century, biological knowledge expanded and thus the idea of childbirth was medicalized into a medical procedure needed to have healthy children. Childbirth once seen as a natural phenomenon was now an event that needed medical attentionRead MoreThe Red Queen By Mary Gregory Essay1318 Words   |  6 PagesMen die in battle; women die in childbirth† (Gregory 1). This quote from the historical novel â€Å"The Red Queen† presents a straightforward reality that women and men believed before the advancements of modern medicine. In accordance with past social norms the time periods between the 17th and 19th century have shown that women would always hold the role as the weaker sex. Between the prejudice of men who considered themselves superior and the way history portrayed woman in a submissive light, thereRead MoreAfrican American History During The 19th Century Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe texts taken together describe the development of African Americans from the 16th century to the 19th century. They reveal how their status changed to one of complete submission and their lower position codified within the law. However they also reveal how they were able to make a difference and help secure their own freedom. Common themes present in the texts are resistance and creolization. The texts are significant in that they show how African Americans were able to adapt to life in AmericaRead MoreWomen During The Jacksonian Era1740 Words   |  7 PagesWomen throughout the course of history have played numerous roles in society. During the Jacksonian Era, America as a whole was undergoing various changes. Political changes allowed the â€Å"common man† to have a say in government. While the women still lacked the right to vote and be involved in politics by law, they certainly made their presence known. Women were able to influence government through their unwritten social laws. The Petticoat Affair describes perfectly how women made powerful politicalRead MorePre Colonial India Is Characterized By Independent Self Sufficient Villages With Various Customs And Laws Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pages Ashley Gosnell Colonialism Paper December 22, 2016 Pre-colonial India is characterized by independent self sufficient villages with various customs and laws. This separation in cultural, religious and political structures blurred the lines of inclusive political and religious laws. The differences can be observed in the groupings created by the caste system paired with social hierarchy. With the advent of colonialism these institutions were challenged. The introduction of English ideals and

It was 9 o’clock in the morning when I heard the news that Aliens were going to invade our planet Free Essays

It was 9 o’clock in the morning when I heard the news that Aliens were going to invade our planet. As unlikely, as this sounded, I knew it to be true the moment I heard it. I had already seen the evidence. We will write a custom essay sample on It was 9 o’clock in the morning when I heard the news that Aliens were going to invade our planet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Please excuse me; I guess I am rushing ahead a bit. It would probably be better if I started from the beginning. It started 10 months ago when I was working at the Jodrell Bank radio telescope. I was a scientific researcher at the base; and a specialist in radar research. Some of my colleagues had been getting weird results from their observations and I had been asked to double check the validity of their findings. These weren’t the only weird happenings either. Scientist from different parts of the planet researching both climate and animal behaviors were also reporting a wide variety of anomalous data. The climate was changing, there were resent reports that a tornado struck the south-east of England. That wasn’t the only weird occurrence in weather that had happened; a few weeks later there was another report that a snowstorm had hit West Africa. Alongside all of this there had been rumors of country leaders having meetings discussing the strange events that had been happening. Occurrences after occurrence still leaders around the world were making up lies and excuses, over 100 nuclear power plant had been struck by lightning and earthquakes spontaneously. Haunted by all of these occurrences and happenings, I found it hard to sleep. Even when I could sleep, I was disturbed by weird recurring nightmares. Still, my research work was proving to be equally unsettling. No matter what test I performed, I could find no data that would allow me to dismiss the results drived by my Colleagues. As these findings indicated many anomalous objects were present in near-near Earth orbit. I found myself called in to the office of observation director himself, and as I looked through the images that the Hubble telescope was giving me I noticed weird looking objects that were hovering Earth orbit, by the time I could show the images to my head director we were quickly stopped and ordered to leave the premises. While I tried to go back to get the images as prove I was immediately stop and guided outside of the building. After that incident I was sent home, I had a conversation with my head director telling me that the workplace was being closed for illegal experimenting. The government closed Jodrell bank Telescope and announced that we had secret bases. I worked there for 13 years and had never encountered any secret bases were experiments were performed. Why did the government really close my workplace? Day after day I started to realize that my colleagues were rapidly but slowly losing contact. Until one morning when I was mysteriously called by one of my colleagues to watch a broadcast acknowledging the existence of other life forms and their invasion of our planet. While listening to the event, I suddenly thought †why has the news turned black? †I thought that they were having technical difficulties so I changed to the next channel and when I did it turned out the same as the channel before. The whole screen just plain black while. At the same time, I was confused, a bright light made me cover my eyes, and a shape appeared with the way it spoke. I knew it to be a face but it wasn’t a recognizable face and one that I have never encountered. The shape and figure of the life form was unforgettable. It breathed softly and spoke gently. I understood: â€Å"People of earth, we are concerned that your world leaders have been dishonest and created your worst nightmares, bringing destruction and violence upon you. I will give you your last choice of renewing and establishing the disturbance you have caused. I couldn’t believe what I was hearing; we were so loud that we caused concern upon our cosmic neighbors. They had taken us as threat to the galaxy. This is one big step for human beings. How to cite It was 9 o’clock in the morning when I heard the news that Aliens were going to invade our planet, Papers

Marijuana vs Alcohol free essay sample

They were both icons of unforgettable eras: one, the glamorous nineteen twenties; the other, the revolutionary seventies. In the twenties, alcohol was sipped cautiously behind the walls of speakeasies; glasses clinking under the flashing lights of entertainment signs. The hippies of the sixties and seventies passed pipes of burning marijuana, promoting peace while protesting for the rights of millions of Americans. No doubt, both drugs have had a major influence on the country, both have had their â€Å"glory† days. After a time of prohibition, the once thought sinful substance of alcohol was re-legalized. Marijuana, on the other hand, remains illegal in the country of the United States. But through increasing medical knowledge, more is known about these drugs today than ever before. It’s knowledge that points to shocking conclusions. Based on the differences between the two drugs’ toxic levels, consequences of long term use, their association with violence and reckless behavior, and their benefits, could it be possible that we have the wrong drug illegalized? For most people, the reason they choose to use alcohol or marijuana is because of the intoxication they bring. When compared to marijuana, alcohol has a far greater level of intoxication, which can easily lead to overdoses. In 2001 alone there were 331 reported cases of alcohol overdose deaths in the United States. Using just ten times the amount required to get the desired effect, what some may call a buzz, can lead to alcohol poisoning. So if a college boy goes out to the bars and decides to take shots with his buddies, and he knows (being an experienced college drinker) that it takes him two shots to start feeling nice, taking just 20 shots could reserve him a spot on a table at the morgue instead of on his best friend’s futon. On the other hand, it is physically impossible to overdose on marijuana. For the same college boy to die from an overdose of marijuana he would have to hypothetically smoke thousands of times the regular dosage amount. And thankfully for the college student, the risk of that happening is non-existent; there has never been a death from a marijuana overdose in recorded history. So while it is very possible to die from having a few too many drinks, smoking marijuana seems to be far less toxic of a substance (Foland). Not only are the toxic levels of alcohol much greater than those of marijuana, but the consequences of drinking long-term are far more damaging as well. Next to smoking tobacco and being overweight, drinking alcohol is the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Not including all the accidents and homicides that are attributed to the use of alcohol, the number of people that suffered alcohol induced deaths was 20,687 in 2003 alone (Foland). Those who choose to drink face the risk of many different health conditions, including some cancers, liver cirrhosis, liver disease, and heart diseasenot to mention the risk of physical dependency (â€Å"Alcohol vs. Marijuana†). The effects on the brain are just as detrimental. In contrast to the old myth that drinking alcohol kills brain cells, recent studies have shown that instead it prevents new cells from being made. This process of making new cells, called neurogenesis, was found to be decreased by over fifty percent in abusers of alcohol. Marijuana seems to have the opposite effect. The same study showed that the use of marijuana actually increased neurogenesis, thus increasing the making of new brain cells (Wenk). Recent studies have also shown that, unlike alcohol, marijuana does not seem to cause any types of cancer. Yet, it is still not a completely safe drug, for it may cause damage to the airways of the smoker. But, like the lack of marijuana overdose cases, there are no recorded deaths where marijuana use was the cause (Foland. ) Unfortunately, because alcohol is legal, and marijuana isn’t, some people are lead to believe that slamming down four glasses of whiskey a night is not going to hurt them, which is undoubtedly false. While the effects of long term alcohol use are clear when it comes to one’s health, it is often times even more clear as to how much it affects the personal safety of others. Violence and alcohol seem to go hand in hand; they’ve always appeared to be the best of friends. Who hasn’t witnessed a bar fight in their lives? Some guy standing five feet nine inches tall gains what many describe as â€Å"drunken muscles†, and belligerently decides to fight the guy across the room who slightly resembles Hulk Hogan. This is not an uncommon occurrence, because alcohol is known to increase the likelihood of violence. Domestic violence is also shown to increase when the abuser is drinking. In fact, alcohol is a factor in two out of every three violent incidents that occur between spouses and significant others. If an abusive husband comes home from work and pops open a Bud Light, his wife’s chances of getting abused that night are eleven times more likely than if he’d opened a can of Pepsi. It is unquestionable that alcohol is a direct cause of violence. In contrast, marijuana is rarely associated with violence and has been shown to actually reduce the likelihood of it occurring (Foland). Even some of those who fight to keep the drug off the streets agree that marijuana and violence are not related. A former police chief by the name of Norm Stamper shares: â€Å"Over the past four years I’ve asked police officers throughout the U. S. two questions. When’s the last time you had to fight someone under the influence of marijuana? (I’m talking marijuana only, not pot plus a six-pack or a fifth of tequila. ) My colleagues pause, they reflect. Their eyes widen as they realize that in their five or fifteen or thirty years on the job they have never had to fight a marijuana user. I then ask: When’s the last time you had to fight a drunk? They look at their watches† (Stamper). This is a case where general stereotypes actually support the evidence. The hippies of the seventies promoted peace, not violence, while on the other hand, the image of a drunk and the scene of a bar fight are one and the same. And often after the man with a little too much drunken courage loses miserably in the fight he instigated, he decides to stagger to his car with visions of his soft pillow and a bottle of aspirin dancing in his head. It’s definitely not news anymore that drinking often leads to reckless behavior such as drunk driving. A person who has been drinking all of a sudden thinks he’s become Superman and nothing can affect him, not even the twelve shots he just downed at the bar. This failure to notice one’s impaired condition is what often leads to people making the choice to get behind the wheel, and it’s what leads to an average of 14,000 deaths every year. A typical drunk driver seems to forget the dangers that are present on the road, and consequently decides to speed and drive in a reckless manner. While driving while under the influence of marijuana isn’t safe either, those who did so in a testing environment were shown to be far more aware of their impaired motor skills, and compensated by driving well below the speed limit (Stamper). In general, the using of marijuana does not seem to increase risk taking behavior in the same way that drinking does, meaning that a person who knows while sober that it’s a bad idea to drive under the influence, will still know so after they have smoked. While the use of both alcohol and marijuana have gained negative reputations for their effects, including those on one’s decision making, that isn’t to say that the two substances don’t have any benefits. In extreme moderation, both substances can be quite beneficial to the user. Studies have shown that a glass of red wine (not a bottle) can help promote heart health. Drinking in moderation not only helps to decrease the risk of heart attacks, but also strokes and Type 2 Diabetes (Doheny). There’s also a long list of health benefits of marijuana, when used for medical purposes. It’s been known to slow down tumor growth in patients suffering from lung, breast, and brain cancer, as well as having enormous effects on patients with glaucoma. The muscle spasms and neurological damage caused by multiple sclerosis is also effectively treated with the use of medical marijuana. Those who suffer from ADD or ADHD are sometimes prescribed marijuana as a better alternative to the drug Ritalin, because it has been known to have negative side effects (Derysh). In excess, of course, no drug use is healthy, but in moderation both marijuana and alcohol have benefits that can lead to better health. Unless prescribed by a doctor, refraining from drugs altogether is of course the best option when it comes to avoiding health problems, addictions, violence, and bad decision making. Yet, as the evidence shows, it’s shocking to see that while alcohol is legal and its use is socially accepted nationwide, the consequences of doing so are considerably worse than those of marijuana. Some even believe marijuana to be perfectly safe. So, while both substances infamous days will always be simultaneously glorified and criticized, which drug was really worse for the American drug culture? Culture is an extremely influential concept, and it’s no surprise that substance use (or abuse) occurs often in the United States, especially in today’s youth. And as the next generation of parents, the question we may be faced with is, if we have to choose, before our children grow up, would we rather have them drink up or toke up? What are we going to tell them when they ask for the truth?

8 Postulates for the Professional Accountant free essay sample

An audit has been defined as â€Å"an independent examination of, and expression of opinion on, the financial statements of an enterprise by a duly appointed auditor in pursuance of a relevant statutory or professional obligation†. Independent – an auditor is remote from the enterprise that he/she is reporting on. This independence is defined by law and professional practice. Opinion – an auditor gives an opinion. He does not certify or guarantee the financial statements as accurate or free from error or irregularity. Financial statements are themselves imprecise because they are based on judgements and conventions. It is a common misconception that auditors are employed primarily to detect or prevent fraud and error. Duly appointed auditor – an external auditor holds office because of legal rules contained Postulates of auditing Academics have attempted to codify certain underlying principles or postulates, which serve as the basis of auditing theory. A postulate is a concept that can be observed to be relevant to some course of study. We will write a custom essay sample on 8 Postulates for the Professional Accountant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Certain postulates that underlie the practice of auditing have been identified:  ¦ Truth and fairness – the auditor is concerned that the financial statements under examination conform to law and best practice.  ¦ Independence – the auditor is independent through status and is truly objective in expression of opinion.  ¦ Evidence – an auditor arrives at his opinion through the systematic collection of evidential data on which his judgement is based.  ¦ Responsibility – the auditor does not prepare financial statements or guarantee their accuracy nor is he a business valuer. Alternatively small companies can choose voluntarily to undergo an annual audit. Practice Note PN 13 offers guidance to the auditors of small businesses. Many small businesses have uncomplicated activities and simple records, so an audit can easily be carried out. However, there may be only limited internal controls in operation, so the auditor may have to adopt a substantive vouching approach in the audit rather than relying on internal controls.

Top 5 Tips for a Summer Vacation on a Budget

Top 5 Tips for a Summer Vacation on a Budget How to Plan a Vacation on a Budget Many people struggle with the quest of going on a vacation with a thin wallet. But theres no need to worry knowing these five tips, youll be able to go on an amazing trip without spending much! Afford Summer Vacation With These 5 Tips Set a goal Do you know how much money you need to have to go on a vacation? Even if the expensive holiday isnt possible this year, think how much money you require to make your vacation happen and set a savings goal. Think that its too difficult? Just read on. Make a spending plan Quality summer planning requires a good spending plan. In case you dont have a household or a personal budget, creating one should be the first thing to do for finding money for your trip. Understand that it will be very difficult to save money if you dont know about all of your expenses. When people see all their planned expenses, it gets easier for them to decide what they can abstain from to achieve their savings goals. Cut back your expenses Once you have your spending plan before your eyes, you will clearly see what expenses you can trim to get extra money for your vacation. For instance, you can put your cable bill on hold during the spring months when the weather is fine. You may also plan your meals better so that youre eating out less and preparing meals yourself. All those little things, if adhered to strictly for months, can save you enough money to help you go on vacation. Setup automatic transfers Unfortunately, if were financially uneducated, we can become the worst enemies of our money. Therefore, we need to develop and use strategies that will keep our money safe from ourselves. You can use your credit union or bank to setup automatic transfers from your regular account to another account which you will find difficult to withdraw money from. It can be a high-interest savings account which isnt connected with your credit card. For instance, if you transfer $25 on a weekly basis, you can save up to $1,300 within one year. Ask yourself can I live without $25 a week? Sure you can! Dont ignore this little but smart trick to save money automatically. Choose staycation If you cant imagine a better place for vacation than your bed or money is really tight this year, you can choose not to travel anywhere. Staycations are becoming more and more popular, and in case youre interested in getting one, google top staycations ideas to get more info about it. If you use these smart tips, you will certainly find a way to save money for your next vacation even if money is tight this year. Its all about planning, organization, and a little bit of self-discipline.

The Balanced Scorecard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Balanced Scorecard - Essay Example Who and how it is being promoted today, how it is being used to link employee performance to organizational strategy, and how successful have the companies been who have adopted the Scorecard as a performance measurement and strategy implementation tool in the long-term. This study will answer these questions. "What you measure is what you get" is an often-heard phrase, which emphasizes the importance of performance measurement to the success of an organization. Performance measurement can be defined as the quantification of either a process output or the activities that constitute that process. An effective set of performance measures should have the following characteristics: (a) communicate and summarize those critical activities necessary to meet customer requirements, (b) reflect outputs of processes and outcomes (how customers value the outputs), (c) be comprehensive, and (d) provide feedback to the organization (Atkinson, Waterhouse, & Wells, 1997). Selecting the proper performance measures is one of the key challenges facing management (Ittner & Larcker, 1998), yet it is perhaps the most misunderstood and difficult aspect of a management control systems (Atkinson, Waterhouse et al., 1997). Performance measures can be financial or non-financial. Financial (or traditional) performance measures are dollar value measures produced by the organization's accounting system. Examples of financial measures would include return on investment, return on equity, operating margin, unit cost, or cost variances. Non-financial performance measures are typically derived from outside the accounting system. Examples of non-financial measures include customer satisfaction measures, manufacturing cycle time, new product introductions, R&D productivity, market growth, and market share. Observers have noted that performance measurement has gained added significance, because organizations are faced with the twin challenges of adapting to new rules of competition and responding to the rapid changes often taking place in the marketplace (Stivers & Joyce, 2000). The factors driving this evolution are the opportunities and formidable challenges of escalating globalization, the increasing transparency of manager actions, the need to develop intangible assets to sustain competitive advantage, the escalating pace of technological change, an increase in competition among firms, and the rise of process change initiatives such as TQM (Malina & Selto, 2001). The right measures correctly linked to the organization's strategy gives managers and employees the guidance they need to act appropriately (Kaplan & Norton, 1996). This conclusion is echoed by a survey of executives indicating that performance measurement is critical in translating a business strategy into results (Lingle & Schiemann, 1996). Performance measures designed outside of the strategic planning process creates potential for disconnect. The reason performance measurement systems fail to live up to expectations is commonly attributed to this disconnect (Atkinson, Waterhouse et al., 1997). Traditional accounting-based performance measures, with their one-dimensional focus on financial results, have been criticized as not being up to the task faced by modern organizations. The sense is that financial performa

Day of Nonconfirmity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Day of Nonconfirmity - Essay Example The second problem is that as I looked at my behavior, I saw several aspects where I was already a nonconformist, in a sense making me different from the others. In these areas of my life - such as the way I thought about good and bad, the right thing to do and why I do certain things - I thought differently from others my age. This is because I was trained to be somewhat independent and think on my own. So my problem was: should I continue being true to myself and behave as I am, different in these respects from the others, or should I be nonconforming by nonconforming to myself I thought hard before I realized that I could leave those nonconformist behaviors intact and continue being true to myself, because this is one of the goals of this experiment, and instead to look at those aspects of my life where I was conformist, where I flowed with the crowd for no other reason than because I found it the right thing to do. I took mental note of those points in my day and then planned what I had to otherwise do. When I woke up on the appointed day, I had a mantra: "Be true" and "Swim against the current".

Features of Perfect Competition

Features of Perfect Competition Contrast the features of perfect competition with those of oligopoly. (10) The comparison between perfect competition and oligopoly will be based on the following: number of buyers and sellers, nature of product, and barriers to entry of firms. Number of buyers and sellers Perfect competition is a market structure that is characterised by many buyers and sellers with each firms output representing an insignificant proportion of the total output. Hence, sellers cannot influence prices by changing its level of output. Thus, they accept the market price as given i.e they are price takers. Each firm then faces a perfectly elastic demand curve as shown in fig 1a. An example of a market that comes close to the perfectly competitive model is that of agricultural farming. How much the farmer sells his wheat for will depend on the prevailing price of wheat in the market. On the other hand, an oligopolistic firm produces a significant amount of the total market output. The seller can either influence the price or output. It can sell more by lowering price or increase price but sell less. This indicates that the firms demand curve is downward sloping. In addition, due to the small number of firms prevalent in the market, each firm now makes its decisions based on the reaction of other firms in the same industry. No firm can afford to ignore the actions and reactions of other firms in the industry. For example, there are only a few car manufacturers in the US such as Chrysler, GM and Ford Motors. If Ford Motors wants to increase sales, it can lower the price of its cars so that some buyers will switch from either Chrysler or General Motors but the increase in quantity demanded will be insignificant given that Chrysler and General Motors will follow the cut in price. This behaviour can be summarized by the kinked demand curve. Nature of product In perfect competition, each seller produces an identical product, thus they are perfect substitutes for each other. Since consumers think that the products are the same, they will not show any preference towards the goods of one firm over another. This means that sellers are not able to arbitrarily raise their prices for fear that consumers switch to other firms. Firms in perfect competition are price takers, and the demand for their goods are perfectly price elastic, hence the horizontal demand curve. In oligopoly, firms may either be producing a homogenous product or a differentiated product. When the product is differentiated, the oligopolist can increase the price and the output would not fall significantly. This implies substantial market power for the firms in an oligopoly. Even when the good is homogenous like steel or aluminium, the firm is likely to differentiate in terms of the services and terms of conditions, hence the downward sloping demand curve. Barriers to entry There are no barriers to entry or exit in a PC industry so the markets will consist of a large number of small sellers. The implication of this is that the firms in perfectly competitive industry will earn normal profits in the long run as supernormal profit earned by the firms in the short run will be depleted by the entry of the new firms into the industry. It is relatively easy to lease a plot of land to grow wheat and in the event that the farmer chose to give up wheat farming, he could easily terminate his lease with the landlord. The start up cost is low as all he needs are some simple tools and seedlings. In oligopoly, there are significant entry and exit barriers. For example, in car production, there are very high initial fixed costs such as the setting up of the assembly line and only if the firm produces a very large output level will the average cost fall significantly. The lower cost associated with a big output serves as an entry barrier for new firms as their initial d emand is usually low. Exit is also difficult, as it is not easy to dispose of the firms fixed assets. Other forms of barriers could be patent rights, exclusive ownership of certain raw materials and legal barriers. So the oligopolist can earn supernormal profits even in the long run. 2b. Discuss why oligopoly is a more common type of market structure compared to perfect competition. (15) Perfect competition is an ideal model and so it is difficult to find markets that have all these characteristics. There are some markets in the real world that approximates perfect competition. Examples of such markets are farming, the stock exchange market and the foreign currency market. These markets possess some of the characteristics of PC as explained in part (a). However, even in such markets, some of the characteristics are hard to fulfil. For instance, buyers and sellers may not be price takers. In the stock exchange market, there are some individuals or institutions that can influence the price of shares through their large holdings of a particular companys shares. The product is also not homogenous if stock of different companies are considered., Thus, if they were to sell their shares, price will fall. Knowledge is not perfect either. Although buyers and sellers do have easy access to information through their brokers and the Internet, there are some who do have insider i nformation and use that to their advantage. Moreover, managers tend to reveal more information about their companies to financial specialists rather than to small investors. In the real world, most industries do not have that many firms. In fact, in industries such as automobiles, air-craft manufacturing industry, oil industry, steel industry, supermarket chains and pharmaceutical industry, the industry is dominated by a few large firms. Most firms would rather face less competition so that their market power can be consolidated and secured. Oligopoly is thus a more desired form of market structure as far as sellers are concerned. Oligopoly is a more common market structure. It can be attributed mainly to the high entry barriers. Barriers to entry refer to any impediments that prevent new firms from competing on an equal basis with existing firms in an industry. An effective barrier for new firms to enter the industry is substantial economies of scale. The production of some goods involves very high initial fixed costs. Good examples are the petroleum industry and the manufacturing of aircrafts. For example, Airbus and Boeing must construct huge expensive structures to build the A380. Thus, for the production of such goods, the larger the output the greater is the economies of scale enjoyed by the firm. Such industries have very large Minimum Efficient Scale, and hence, only a few firms exist in such industries. Economies of scale are not the only source of barrier to entry. Other barriers to entry can be the possession of superior technical knowledge or sterling reputation for quality or efficiency. Take for example, high end sports cars like the Ferrari is such well known brand names that it is quite impossible for any new auto firms to replicate them. For years, they are the symbol of quality and luxury, an image that the carmakers have painstakingly cultivated. Production of such cars also requires superior technical knowledge, which is jealously guarded by the manufacturers. Thus it is not easy for new firms to enter such industries. In addition, existing firms could have spent millions on advertising to build and maintain brand loyalty. It will require a substantial period of high advertising costs and low revenues for new entrants if they want to establish themselves. Also, they can spend large amounts on advertising to make it difficult for a new entrant to differentiate its product. With the high entry barriers, firms are able to earn supernormal profits in the long run and have the financial strength to block the entry of new firms. Such firms can also adopt predatory pricing to further keep out competitors. Their huge profits allow them to cut prices drastically to drive out competitors. They can maintain excess production capacity as a signal to a potential entrant that with little notice, they could easily saturate the market and leave the new entrant with little or no revenue. Besides, huge profits allow firms to spend generously on RD. The discovery of new and better products allows them to compete more effectively in the market and also keep out other firms. For instance, in the pharmaceutical industry, millions of dollars are required to discover a new vaccine or a new drug. Hence the presence of high entry barriers results in many oligopolies. Globalisation and liberalization With increased globalisation, many domestic firms are threatened by the entry of big foreign firms or MNCs. Bigger firms have a competitive advantage in terms of pricing. Domestic firms can survive as long as there is government legislation to prevent the entry of foreign firms. But most governments are liberalizing their domestic industries. In order to compete with foreign firms, domestic firms have to merge. A merger would safeguard their survival as well as to allow them to compete more effectively. For instance, the merger of DBS bank with POSB and UOB with OUB , are all meant to expand the size of each bank so as to better compete with other international banks such as Citibank and Standard Chartered etc when MAS liberalize the financial sector to encourage competition. Hence globalisation has increased the tendency for mergers and the formation of oligopolies. Conclusion There are not many industries in the real world that satisfy the characteristics of the perfectly competitive model given it is an ideal model. On the other hand, the characteristics of an oligopoly are more easily met. The nature of production is more favourable to an oligopolistic kind of market. There are many advantages to being big. Some firms are big due to high entry barriers natural or man-made, while others expand internally or externally through mergers and acquisition in response to a changing external environment. The main reason for oligopoly being a common market structure can be attributed to benefits of economies of scale which gives firms the incentive to merge and be large. It will lower their costs and give them higher returns to meet potential competition and as a consequence, they have huge incentives to erect barriers to deter entry by new firms, and to consolidate their position.

Bell LaPadula

In recent years, the Bell-LaPadula model has been employed more and more in scientific Since publication, the Bell-LaPadula model has helped in the advancement of science and technology by providing a mathematical basis for the examination of laboratory security. Moreover, this model is a major component of having a disciplined approach to building secure and effective laboratory systems.The Bell-LaPadula model can also be used to abstractly describe the computer security system in the laboratory, without regard to the system's application.The goal of modern security research is to facilitate the construction of multilevel secure systems, which can protect information of differing classification from users that have varying levels of clearance. There are some deficiencies inherent in the Bell and LaPadula model, and there have been efforts to develop a new approach to defining laboratory security models, on the basis that security models should be derived from specific applications. Project Aims and Objectives:The objective of this research is to ascertain the ways in which the bell-lapadula model can be applied to Laboratory Information Management Systems. Laboratory automation occurs when the application of technology is used to reduce the need for human intervention in the laboratory. This makes it possible for scientists to explore data rates that otherwise may be too fast or too slow for proper scientific examination. Moreover, the research was also aimed to investigate the possible practical applications of the Bell-Lapadula model in library information management systems (LIMS).The main intention of this modern security research is to facilitate the construction of multilevel security systems, which can protect information of differing classification from users that have varying levels of clearance. Since publication, the Bell-LaPadula model has helped in the advancement of science and technology by providing a mathematical basis for the examination of l aboratory security. Moreover, this model has been major component of having a disciplined approach to the building of effective and secure laboratory systems.Project Outline: Literature Survey: The use of the Bell and LaPadula Model has been successful in modeling information that is relevant to security, even though this success might be responsible for the vagueness of the model about its primitives. This vagueness can also be examined with respect to the theory that the Bell and LaPadula Model and Noninterference are equivalent. Laboratory automation makes it possible for scientists to explore data rates that otherwise may be too fast or too slow to properly examine.Therefore, an automated laboratory reduces the need for human intervention and creates a more efficient environment in which human beings and technology can interact to produce a great deal more information and accurate data that was not possible prior to automation. Its approach is to define a set of system constrain ts whose enforcement will prevent any application program executed on the system from compromising system security.The model includes subjects, which represent active entities in a system (such as active processes), and objects, which represent passive entities (such as files and inactive processes). Both subjects and objects have security levels, and the constraints on the system take the form of axioms that control the kinds of access subjects may have to objects. (http://chacs. nrl. navy. mil/publications/CHACS/2001/2001landwehr-ACSAC. pdf)While the complete formal statement of the Bell-LaPadula model is quite complex, the model can be briefly summarized by these two axioms stated below: (a) The simple security rule, which states that a subject cannot read information for which it is not cleared (i. e. no read up) (b) The property that states that a subject cannot move information from an object with a higher security classification to an object with a lower classification (i. e. no write down). (http://chacs. nrl. navy. mil/publications/CHACS/2001/2001landwehr-ACSAC. pdf)These axioms are meant to be implemented by restriction of access rights that users or processes can have to certain objects like devices and files. The concept of trusted subjects is a less frequently described part of the Bell-LaPadula model. Systems that enforce the axioms of the original Bell-LaPadula model very strictly are often impractical, because in a real system, a user might need to invoke operations that would require subjects to violate the property, even though they do not go against our basic intuitive concept of laboratory security.For instance, there might be need in the laboratory to extract an UNCLASSIFIED paragraph from a CONFIDENTIAL document for use in a document that is UNCLASSIFIED. A system that strictly enforces the properties of the original Bell-LaPadula model might prohibit this kind of operation. As a result, a class of trusted subjects has had to be included in the Bell-LaPadula model, and is trusted not to violate security, although they might violate the property.Laboratory systems that are based on this less restrictive model usually have mechanisms that permit some of the operations that the property would normally not allow. It should also be noted that a number of projects have used the Bell-LaPadula model for description of their security requirements, although strict enforcement of the Bell-LaPadula axioms without the implementation of trusted subjects turns out to be overly restrictive in these projects. Thus, there has been widespread introduction of these trusted processes to implement the concept of trusted subjects.There are also some limitations involved in the use of the Bell-LaPadula model, including an absence of policies for changing user access rights. With this model, there can be secure and complete general downgrade, and is it is intended for systems that have static security levels. The Bell-Lapadula model would b e a suitable idea for Laboratory Information Management Systems because the model focuses on data confidentiality and access to classified information, in contrast to some other models that describe rules for data protection and integrity.Clear and concise access rules for clinical information systems spells out by this model. Furthermore, it reflects current best clinical practice, and it’s informed by the actual threats to privacy, its objective is to the maximum number of records accessed by any user, and at the same time the number of users who can access any record and this has to do with controlling information flows across rather than down and at the same time a strong notification property should be enforced.I will also discuss its relationship with other existing security policy models available, and the possibility of its usage in other applications where information exposure must be localized, which ranges from private banking to the management of intelligence data , and much more. Another area in which laboratories could benefit by using the Bell-Lapadula model is the multi million dollar drug industry, which requires a high level of security and confidentiality since drug research sensitive, and results or findings in an ongoing research may sometimes need to be kept from unauthorized persons.Description of the Deliverables: This research will be conducted by investigating the possible practical applications of the Bell-Lapadula model. This would be conducted and tested physically and objectively. A prototype will be built in order for it to be properly tested, since it is practical. The testing stage will involve programming codes for different levels of security and the objective is to find out if security can be breached at any stage. Evaluation Criteria Evaluation of the involve the Resource Plan:The equipment, software, and other materials necessary to complete the project, how they are to be provided, and what the financial costs will be, such as travel. Project Plan and Timing: Anticipated milestones and interim deliverables. A detailed timetable (schedule) of the stages, including the estimated finishing date, is a must. Stages will be reviewed with the sponsor and Dissertation Advisor. Don’t simply list the stages of the project and their timetables, but supply information what is done in each of them with special emphasis on the last stage of the project.Risk Assessment: A description of what obstacles may arise and contingency plans to meet them. One aspect that should be considered here is the availability of the software and hardware you intend to use and, if you need to interface several pieces of software, whether this is known to be possible. Quality Assurance: How progress on your project will be monitored and how success at each stage will be assessed. This may include, but should not be limited to, the formal project assessments.

McBride Financial Services

McBride Financial Services is a premier one-stop mortgage provider in the five-state area of Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota. The company specializes in providing low-cost, flat-rate fee mortgages to members of its communities shipping for a new residential mortgage. The company is currently privately held but is exploring opportunities to go public through an Initial Public Offering (IPO), acquiring another company in its same industry or merging with another organization.Through utilization of the SWOT method, management will evaluate each approach and determine which is the best method to take McBride Financial Services public. Strengths in Going Public If McBride Financial Services chose the option of going public with an IPO there are a couple of strengths that it would benefit from. The first distinct strength is the raising of capital. Additional capital would allow for brick and mortar expansion, investment opportunities, and added cash flow to improve products and services. An IPO can help reduce debt and the applicable risk rating given by creditors.If the IPO is successful, the options for additional financing will be open. By utilizing the option of an IPO, an organization’s awareness within the community arises. Most companies gain profits when establishing an IPO. Consumers become aware on a local and even a national level of what your organization produces. They will take a risk if currently unhappy with their current financial services and experiment with your products and services. If the customer relationship is cemented from the beginning, the consumer is sure to now produce additional clientele via word-of-mouth.All of this additional business is generated by creating and offering an IPO. If McBride’s chose to acquire another organization within the same industry, it has several advantages it could benefit from. One advantage from the start is that the open locations could potentially be in lucrative loc ations that would create a stronger voice and curb appeal. Financing options become available as well. The current financier used by McBride, will be ready and willing to offer other financing options if needed because of additional income that is now a potential.The potential for additional consumers and vendor relationships is tremendous depending on the size of the organization acquired. It can be beneficial for McBride, as some of those vendor contracts may be more cost effective in the future. Within the same notion of cost effectiveness, the additional staff that is acquired with the new organization brings experience and dependability. It allows the two organizations that are now one to continue to run smoothly and not have higher costs of training and development.There are two major advantages to merging with another organization if that is the choice McBride’s Financial Services commits to. The first advantage is that once the merger is completed, competition within the industry community becomes less of a threat. The other advantage to a merger is the strategic planning and restructuring of the organization. Usually the two organizations will coercively plan and stage a strong management lead to run the larger institution. Weaknesses in Going Public Conducting an IPO is time-consuming and expensive.It can take up to a year or more to complete and can cost several hundreds of thousands of dollars for attorneys, accountants, printers, and additional fees. The SEC disclosure rules are very extensive and mean all financial information is made public. McBride will be subject to review by the SEC to ensure compliance with regulations through proper filings and relevant disclosures. Decision-making among management may be affected by the market price of the shares and the feeling they must receive market recognition for the company’s stock. McBride could lose market confidence should shares of the company’s stock fall.Decreased valuatio n of the company can affect lines of credit, secondary offering pricing, the company’s ability to maintain employees, and the personal wealth of insiders and investors. â€Å"’In today’s global business environment, companies may have to grow to survive, and one of the best ways to grow is by merging with another company or acquiring other companies,’† according to consultant Jacalyn Sherriton. In principle, a merger or acquisition is a capital budgeting decision much like any other. However, much like an IPO, mergers have their weaknesses as well.The value of a merger may depend on such things as strategic fits which can be difficult to measure. The accounting, tax, and legal aspects can be complex. Mergers often involve issues of corporate control and are a means of replacing existing management. Mergers affect the value of a firm and further affect the relative value of the stocks and bonds. Finally, mergers are often unfriendly. Although many c ompanies have found acquisitions to be highly beneficial to their operations, many more encounter problems that can prove disastrous to the future position of the firm.A poorly executed acquisition can harm McBride’s financial and strategic situation. Problems with financing an acquisition can arise before and after the transaction. Expenses for acquisitions can be astronomical when they involve lawyers, consultants, financiers, and advisors that helped make the deal possible. Additionally, filing and legal fees because of complications in the transaction can further exacerbate the already extremely high costs of acquisition. Oftentimes, quality employees are lost in an acquisition because the acquiring firm is too caught up in transaction to recognize they exist within the acquired firm.The long-term strategies of a firm can be negatively affected if it is pursuing a diversification strategy. Rather than improving upon the factors that led to its competitive advantage, manag ement focuses on running a diversified company, which could result in the company losing its core business advantage and severely hampering the future success of the firm. Opportunities in Going Public Major companies and corporations that comprise a big part of the United States economy take advantage of certain opportunities such as going public through IPO’s, acquisitions, and mergers.These three approaches provide an additional resource and many times an advantage to expand, become more profitable, or simply save a company’s existence. McBride Financial Services, for instance, can raise capital by doing an IPO. This gives the company an opportunity to expand its business by becoming a part of the stock market and hence becoming well-known. This also provides enough funds to be put back into the company for profit, and for any other expenses necessary to remain successful and in existence.In the case of an acquisition, which is the taking over of another company, Mc Bride will benefit because the company being acquired is already established. It takes less investment, time, and energy than to start-up a new company. A merger also can be a beneficial opportunity for the company because both parties agree to come together as one organization to improve and grow stronger than as individual companies. A merger eliminates part of the competition, creates a bigger and stronger company, and strengthens the balance sheet.Without methods such as IPO’s, acquisitions, and mergers, â€Å"†¦a company may simply become financially non-viable [and] not able to meet its debt and trade obligations† (Collier, p. 5). Threats in Going Public With the opportunities that McBride Financial Services has with these three options of expansion, there exist certain threats as well. If McBride chooses to go public through an IPO, then it has to worry about the new owners of the company and their ideas about what the company is and should be doing. In a w orst case scenario, Mcbride’s competitors can buy the company and decide to do with it what they want.They can take full control of the company and manipulate it in ways McBride never imagined or they could even just dissolve the company into nonexistence. If McBride needs the money to expand that it would get if it went through with the IPO, then acquiring another organization in the same industry is indeed going to be difficult to do, if not impossible. Even if McBride does find a way to get the money to acquire another company without going public, then it would most likely go into eventual bankruptcy because of the debt it will accumulate because of increased costs.If McBride wants to merge with another organization to expand, it will not be an easy task because the two become one company with a common purpose. If they do not learn how to work with each other and compensate for the other’s weaknesses, then they will eventually fail and both companies will be out of business. Conclusion Based on the information provided while researching each of the approaches for going public, the management team at McBride Financial Services has opted to go public via an IPO.Although it can be costly and time-consuming, it seems to be the best method to maintain the current managerial make-up and integrity of the organization. References (n. d. ) Merger and acquisitions. Retrieved on November 2, 2010 from http://www. answers. com/topic/mergers-and-acquisitions Collier, Steve. Mergers and acquisitions: Special dangers and opportunities. Retrieved November 4, 2010, from EBSCOhost database. Keown, A. J. , Martin, J. D. , Petty, W. , & Scott, D. F. (2005). Financial Management: Principles and Applications.Pearson Education, Inc. Steffens, Gregory (n. d. ). Common problems with acquisitions. Retrieved on November 2, 2010 From http://www. gaebler. com/common-problems-with-acquisitions Taubman, L. E. (n. d). Considerations of an IPO. Retrieved on November 2, 20 10 from http://library. findlaw. com/2001/Jan/1/127967. html Chapter 22 Problems 1. What new problems and factors are encountered in international as opposed to domestic financial management? * Foreign Currency Exchange Fluctuation: International financial management involves cash flow in foreign currency.Foreign currency exchange rate keeps fluctuating. International business is exposed to foreign currency exchange risk as fluctuation in wrong direction affects the business adversely. There are many ways to hedge the cash flow in foreign currency, but no strategy provides complete protection. * Fund flow between countries – International financial management deals with capital flow between countries. In many countries banking system is not mature and /or fund raising is not easy. In that case, company has to raise fund outside the country.International financial management involves the fund flow from one country to other country. * Laws and regulations – Different cou ntries have different business laws, labor laws, laws related to taxation etc. International financial management is affected by the prevailing laws and regulations in a particular country. * Country risk – International business is exposed to the country risk of the country company is doing business in. Country risk involves political risk, general economic environment etc.Because of country risk, additional risk premium is required. International financial management deals with this issue as well. 2. What does the term arbitrage profit mean? Arbitrage profit refers to making risk free profit without investing your own money. The opportunity of arbitrage profit arises because of pricing mismatch. In the simplest form, if the same financial instrument is selling at different price at two different places, one can buy the security where it is selling at the lower price and sell where it is selling at the higher price.This gives the seller a risk free profit without using his m oney. Another example of arbitrage profit is Triangular arbitrage. It is the process of trading out of the first currency into a second currency, then trading it for a third currency, which is in turn traded for first currency. Arbitrage profit can be earned from trading from the second to the third currency if their direct quotes are not consistent with the cross exchange rates. 3. What can a firm do to reduce exchange risk? The firm can hedge against foreign exchange risk in a number of ways.First, they can deposit funds into the foreign country's banks in the foreign denomination in a sufficient quantity so as to hedge against a downturn in the domestic currency. There are some opportunity costs associated with this method as the interest rate earned on the deposited funds will be less than could be earned elsewhere, but the difference is like carrying insurance. In addition, the firm could enter into forwards, futures, or options. 4. What are the differences between a forward co ntract, a futures contract, and options?A forward contract is one that locks in an exchange rate now for a transaction in the future. It is possible the economy will render the forward more expensive than actual exchange rates would have made the transaction to begin with, but again, the forward acts like an insurance policy against negative shifts on exchange rates. Futures contracts are similar to forward contracts except that forward contracts are private agreements and may be molded accordingly. Futures are traded on open markets and, as such, are held to higher levels of scrutiny.Forward contracts can only be executed on one specific date. Futures (because they are traded) are open for transaction any day until their expiration. Options set an exchange rate and, as the name implies, gives the firm the option of exercising the rate at the time the contract is due. This gives the firm flexibility and allows them to take advantage of unforeseen upticks in the global economy that a ctually make exchange rates favorable at contract execution time. Options are more expensive, however (the flexibility afforded by options costs a premium).

The Effects Of Benzodiazepines And Its Effects On The Cell...

Xanax is a benzodiazepine that is most often used to treat anxiety. The effects of benzodiazepines mainly come from their ability to alter the movement of the inhibitory transmitter known as GABAa. GABA is triggered to release when it then can bind to the GABAa receptor. The binding of the two causes the ion channel to open and chloride ions are sent across the cell membrane. This causes the inhibitory factor by depolarizing the membrane (Griffin et al., 2013). Benzodiazepines are absorbed well through both per oral and parenteral administrations. However, absorption per orally is more rapid than any other route. Xanax in particular, is highly lipid soluble. Because it is highly lipid soluble, it means that it passes through the blood brain barrier more quickly. Xanax, otherwise known as alprazolam, reaches its peak in concentration in about one to two hours after administration (Griffin et al., 2013). The half-life, or the time it takes the drug to decrease by half, is about six to twenty-seven hours for adults (Griffin et al., 2013). There is a redistribution of benzodiazepines in body fat. This is a two phase process. During the first phase, there is a fast drop in the blood level as the drug is being redistributed throughout the body. During the second phase the blood level is more slow to drop than the first phase because the drug that is left in the blood is being metabolized and as that is happening it is being replaced by the drug t hat is being released from the bodyShow MoreRelatedDrugs and Society Essay925 Words   |  4 Pages1c. Describe the life cycle of a typical neurotransmitter. A cell membrane with the uptake of a particular precursor absorbs amino acids to create a neurotransmitter. The amino acids undergo synthesis with a reaction with enzymes to become a neurotransmitter. Once created, the neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles until they are released into the synapse. Once released, the neurotransmitters will attempt to attach to the membrane of neurons. If the neurotransmitter does not make it to the neuronRead MoreZopiclone Is A Drug First Developed By Rhone Poulenc Rore1452 Words   |  6 Pageschloride ion channels in the neuron cell membrane (3, page 1). By increasing the conductance of chloride ions and hyperpolarizing the neuron, the frequency of action potentials is reduced. This causes an inhibition of brain activity, causing zopiclone to have hypnotic, sedative, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant effects (4). Zopiclone acts much in the same way as benzodiazepines when used to treat insomnia, but was believed to have less adverse effects, and less potential for developingRead MoreEssay about Psychoactive Drugs and Their Effect on Consciousness989 Words   |  4 Pagesillicit drugs is more most frequent among males and younger people (WHO). The brain is protected by a tightly packed lining of cells called the blood-brain barrier. However, some drugs are able to pass through and influence the operation of the brain. These drugs alter consciousness by facilitating or inhibiting synaptic transmission. A synapse is a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter. There are two types of synapticRead MoreOxidative stress promotion: Disturbance of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favour of the1000 Words   |  4 Pageshyperexcitation results (Coats 1990). Other mechanisms of action: Organophosphates inhibit enzyme acetylcholinesterase in nerves, neuromuscular and glandular tissues where is plays important role in cell to cell communication (Karalliedde et al. 2003). Organochlorines disrupt the sodium- potassium flow across the axon membrane and induce hyperexcitable state in central and peripheral nervous system leading to headache, dizziness, vomiting and incoordination (Agrawal and Sharma 2010). They are purported to involveRead MoreNuclear Transport And Its Effect On Breast Cancer Tumor Cells924 Words   |  4 Pages Nuclear transport is the method by which large molecules enter and exit the cell nucleus through nuclear pore complexes. Small molecules however do not require much regulation. This method of transport and translocation provides an understanding of various protein movement between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of the cell. The hundreds of nuclear transport pathways allow for the study and mechanistic view of nuclear transport’s role in the onset as well as expression of multiple diseases; breastRead MoreTerrible Tooth Case form Essay2288 Words   |  10 Pageshinting at some problems he got before the removal. His sympto ms of lightheadedness could be due to the effects of the surgery or anesthetic. Need more information to be sure. 2. Novocain blocks action potential production at the site of injection. How do you think Novocain works on the axon membrane, and how does it block the sensation of pain? Novocain serves to block receptors on nerve cells that sense pain. Therefore preventing neurotransmitter from binding to the receptors and stimulating sensoryRead MoreModern Medicine Has Been The Development Of Antibiotics12095 Words   |  9 Pagesthe treatment of bacterial infections. They demonstrate their bactericidal effects by inhibiting enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis. The bacterial cell wall is an integral component that maintains the cell shape of the bacteria in a hypertonic and hostile environment8. The rigid cell wall (peptidoglycan) provides the tensile strength needed to withstand high osmotic pressures that would otherwise cause the plasma membrane to rupture9. The peptidoglycan is made of alternating N-acetylmuramic acidRead MoreSpinal Cord Injury ( Sci )1122 Words   |  5 Pageshaemodynamics (arterial pressure) of the spinal cord. Since the autoregulatory mechanism failed toxic chemical are released from damaged cells and disrupt healthy cells by causing a calcium wave throughout the injury site. This leads to the development of ischemia and the release of free radicals that can â€Å"alter cellular structure leading to necrotic or apoptotic cell death† (Sarhan et al., 2012 p 323). Oxidative stress inactivates proteins and lipid peroxidation of the mitochondrial respiratory chainRead MoreWhy Iq Tests Be Considered Biased Measures Of Intelligence3076 Words   |  13 Pagesaction potentials, the inside of the cell membrane becomes positive with respect to the outside. An action potential generates local currents that tend to depolarize the membrane immediately adjacent to the action potential. When depolarization caused by local currents reaches the threshold, a new action potential is produced adjacent to the original one. Action potentials propagation occurs in one direction because the recently depolarized area of the membrane is in absolute refractory period andRead MoreThe Neurotransmitter Of A Motor Disorder1026 Words   |  5 Pagesact like different drugs such as morphine and codeine. Lastly, Glutamate which plays a very important part in the brain, the process is called long term potentiation. It mediates certain types of learning and memory. It is located on the membrane on neuronal cells. Research states that the formation of learning and memory can be increased by drugs that help glutamate activity. Sensation and perception are related in many ways but play two completely different roles. Sensation is like an early stage